9th Biology Chapter # 1 All Punjab Board Papers | 5 Years Old Board Papers Short questions | Repeated short questions in all Board Papers

CHAPTER No. 1

1.                  What is science?

Ans:   The science is the study in which observations are made, experiments are done and logical conclusions are drawn in order to understand the principles of nature.

2.                  From which two Greek words the word Biology is made?

Ans:   Bios and Logos: “Bios” means life “Logos” means thought or reasoning.

3.                  Write names of three main divisions of biology.

Ans:   The name of three main divisions of Biology is given below:

            (i)  Zoology               (ii) Botany     (iii) Microbiology

4.                  What is the difference between Zoology and Botany?/Define botany.

Zoology	Botany
This division of biology deals with the study of animals.	This division of biology deals with the study of plants.

 

5.                  Differentiate between microbiology and morphology. 

Ans:   Microbiology is the study of microorganisms while morphology is the study of external structure of body.

6.                  Differentiate between cell biology and histology

Cell biology	Histology
It is the study of structures and functions of cells and cell organelles.`	It is the microscopic study of tissues.

7.                  Differentiate between Morphology and Histology.

Ans:   Morphology: This branch deals with the study of form and structures of living organisms.

            Histology: The microscopic study of tissues is called histology.

8.                  Define molecular biology. Also give examples. Or ‘What is molecular biology?

Ans:   Molecular biology deals with the study of molecules of life; e.g. water, proteins, carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids.

9.                  Differentiate between physiology and Morphology

Ans:   Physiology: The branch of biology deals with the study of functions of different parts of living organisms.

            Morphology: - The branch of biology deals with the study of form and structure of living organisms.

10.              Define morphology and anatomy.      OR      Define anatomy.

Ans;   Morphology: This branch deals with the study of form and structures of living organisms.

            Anatomy: The study of internal structure is called anatomy.

11.              Differentiate between Physiology and Taxonomy?  OR What is meant by Taxonomy?

Ans:   Physiology:  It deals with the study of the functions of different parts of living organisms.

            Taxonomy: It is the study of naming and classification of organisms into groups and subgroups.

12.              Define immunology.       

Ans:   It is the study of the immune system of animals which defends the body against invading microbes.

13.              Define physiology and embryology.                          

Ans:   Physiology:   It is the branch of biology that deals with the study of the function of different parts of living organism.

            Embryology: It is the branch of biology that deals with the study of an embryo to new individual.

14.              What do you know about Genetics?             

Ans:   It is the study of genes and their role in inheritance is called genetics.

15.              What is meant by fossils?                                             

Ans:   These are the remains of extinct organisms.

16.              What are parasites? Give an example.        

Ans:   Parasites are the organisms that take food and shelter from living host and in return harm them e.g., Round worm.

17.              What are parasites? Define parasitology.

Ans:   Parasites: Parasites are organisms that take food and shelter from living hosts and in return harm them.

            Parasitology:  The branch deals with the study of parasites.

18.              What do you meant by parasitology and biotechnology?

Ans:   Parasitology:  This branch deals with the study of parasites.

            Biotechnology:  It deals with the practical application of living organisms to make substances for the welfare of mankind.

19.              Define Socio-biology.

Ans:   This branch deals with the study of social behavior of the animals that make societies.

20.              What is meant by pharmacology?

Ans:   It is the study of drugs and their effects on the systems of human body.

21.              Define Biochemistry and Morphology.                    

Ans:   Biochemistry: It deals with the study of the chemistry of different compounds and processes occurring in living organisms.

            Morphology: This branch deals with the study of form and structures of living organisms.

22.              What is Biogeography?

Ans:   It deals with study of the occurrence and distribution of different species of living organisms in different geographical regions of the world.

23.              Explain Medicine / Surgery, Career in Biology.

Ans:   Medicine / surgery:  The profession of medicine deals with the diagnosis and treatment of diseases in human. In surgery the parts of body may be repaired replaced or removed.

24.              What is meant by Horticulture? What benefit this occupation gives  to man?    OR            What do you meant by Horticulture and how it is related to agriculture?                                     

Ans:   Horticulture: It deals with the art of gardening. It works for the betterment of existing varieties and for the production of new varieties of ornamental plants and fruit plants.

25.              Describe any two applications of Horticulture in daily life.

Ans:   i) Betterment of existing varieties of plants.   ii) Production of new varieties of ornamental plants and fruits.

26.              What do you know about fisheries?

Ans:   Fisheries is the professional study of fish production. There are departments in Pakistan where professionals of fisheries are employed.

27.              Describe Animal Husbandry.

Ans:   It is the branch of agriculture concerned with the care and breeding of domestic animals (livestock) e.g. cattle, sheep etc.

28.              Name four careers in biology.

Ans:   1.    Medicine           2.    Fisheries                        3.    Agriculture       4.    Farming.

29.              How biotechnology helps mankind? Explain.  OR Define Biotechnology.

 

Ans:   It deals with the practical application of living organisms to make substances for the welfare of mankind.

30.              Name famous books of Jabar Bin Hayan and Abdul Malik Asmai. Name famous books of Abdul Malik Asmai.                                 

Ans:   Al-Nabatat, Al-Haywan, Al-Abil(Camel), Al-Khail (Horse), Al-Wahoosh (Animal) and Khalq-al-Ansan.

31.              Write achievements of Bu Ali Sina in Biology.      

Ans:   He is the founder of medicine. He was physician, philosopher astronomer and poet.

32.              Write down the levels of organization in sequence.

Ans:   Levels of Organization:  

1- Sub atomic and atomic level.             2- Molecular level

3- Organelle and cell level                                   4- Tissue level

5- Organ and organ system level                       6- Individual level

7- Population level                                     8- Community level

9- Biosphere level

33.              What are bio elements?  

Ans:   These are the elements which take part in making the body mass of a living organisms.

34.              Write the names of major bio-elements.                            

Ans:   Six are major bio elements: Oxygen (O), Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Nitrogen (N), Calcium (Ca) & Phosphorus (P)

35.              Write down names of bio-molecules groups.

Ans:   Names of bio-molecules groups.

            i- Micro molecules ii- Macromolecules:

36.              Differentiate between Micromolecules and Macromolecules with examples.

Ans:   Micro and macro molecules:

            Micro molecules: 

            The molecules with low molecular weight are called micro molecules.

            For example:Water, Glucose etc.

            Macromolecules: 

            Molecules with high molecular weight is called macromolecules.

            For example: Starch, protein, lipids etc.

37.              Briefly explain tissue level./ Define tissues.                                 

Ans:   In multicellular organisms, similar cells are organized into groups called tissues. We can define a tissue as a group of similar cells specialized for the performance of common function.

38.              Write the names of two tissues present in stomach.

Ans:   1- epithelial tissue              2- Muscular tissue

            Epithelial tissue: It secretes gastric juice for the digestion of proteins.

            Muscular tissue: It performs contractions of stomach wall for grinding of food and moving food to posterior end.

39.              Write two functions of muscular tissue.

Ans:   Muscular tissue performs contractions of stomach wall for grinding of food and moving food to posterior end.

40.              How Tissues are different from Organs?

Ans:   Tissues and organ different from each other due to following reasons.

1-                Similar cell performing similar functions are organized into groups called tissue while more than one types of tissues having related function are organized together and make a unit called organ.

2-                Tissue is made up of cells while organ are made up of tissue.

41.              What is Organ System? 

Ans:   Different organs having related functions combine to form organs system. Each organ performs its specific functions.

42.              What are the major Biological issues now a days?          

Ans:   Human population growth, infectious diseases, addictive drugs, pollution.

43.              What is species write an example.                

Ans:   A species is group of organisms which can interbreed freely among them and produce fertile offspring, but are reproductively isolated from all other such groups in nature.

44.              What is population level?

Ans:   In this level biologist study interactions among member of the same species living in the same habitat. A population is defined as a group of organisms of the same species located at the same place at same time.

45.              Differentiate between population and community.  OR            What is community level? Give an example.

Ans:

Population	Community
A population is defined as a group of organisms of the same species located at the same place at same time.	A community is an assemblage of different populations, interacting with one another within the same environment.
For example: human population in Pakistan in 2010 comprises of 173.5 million individuals.	For example: A forest may be considered as a community.

46.              What is habitat and how it is different from community?

Ans:   Habitat:  It means the area of the environment in which organism lives. In community different populations interacting with each other, one another live within the same environment, but in habitat we talk about an organism’s living area.

47.              What is biosphere level?/ Define highest level in level of organization.                                                                                        

Ans:   The part of the earth inhabited by organisms communities is known as biosphere.

48.              Define unicellular organisms with two examples.           

Ans:   The organisms consisting of one cell is called unicellular e.g. Amoeba, Euglena.

49.              Name any four unicellular organisms,

Ans:   1.    Amoeba            2.     Paramecium   3.    Euglena 4.   Bacteria.

50.              Define colonial organization and give an example.

Ans:   In colonial organization, many unicellular organisms live together but do not have any division of labour among them. Each organism in a colony lives its own life and does not depend on other cells for its vital requirements. Example:  Volvox

51.              What is multicellular organization? Explain with an example.

Ans:   In multicellular organization, cells are organized in the form of tissues, organs and organ system.

            Example:

Frog and mustard are the familiar examples of multicellular organization.

52.              What is the scientific name of mustard plant? When is it sown?

Ans:   Brassica campestris:  It is grown in winter.

53.              Write two advantages of Brassica plant/mustard plant./ Write uses of Mustard plant.                                               

Ans:   Advantages of Brassica Plant is:

1.                 The plant body of Brassica is used as vegetable.

2.        Its seeds are used for extracting oil.

54.              Name vegetative and reproductive parts of Mustard plant. OR         Write the names of vegetative organs of plant./ Describe vegetative organs of plant with examples.                                              

Ans:   Vegetative parts:

Roots, stem, leaves and branches.

            Reproductive parts:

flower.

55.              Write down the scientific name of Frog and two characteristics.

Ans:   Rana tigrina:

            1.  Body of frog is made up of different organs and organs system       

            2.   Frog is multicellular.

56.              Where does Frog live and what is its scientific name?

Ans:   Frog lives in both water and terrestrial medium. It belongs to class Amphibian. Its scientific name is Rana tigrina.